Contraception and its many different forms are a talking point for women across the country. With so many different types on the market, coupled with the fact that every woman’s body is different, we take a closer look at all the options that are available to you.  Last week, we explained all the basic facts that you need to know about the Contraceptive IUD or non-hormonal Coil including how it works and how effective it is. Now, we will take a look at some other popular forms of contraception, the diaphragm and the cap. ___________________________________________________________ Starting first with the contraceptive diaphragm, what exactly is it? The contraceptive diaphragm is a device that can be inserted into the vagina prior to having sex. It is a barrier method of contraception. How does it work? The diaphragm covers the cervix so that sperm cannot reach the womb. It must be left in place for at minimum of six hours after sex. It is a reusable form of contraception so can be used again after being removed. Diaphragms come in many different sizes so your doctor or nurse will fit you for the correct size and will also instruct you on how to insert and remove it. How effective is? When used properly, the diaphragm is 92-96% effective. Diaphragms need to be used with spermicide in order to be fully effective. A diaphragm only gives limited protection against the contraction of STIs. If you believe that you may be at a high risk of contracting an STI then it would be advisable to use another form of contraception. What are the risks? A diaphragm may be less effective if it is not the right fit for you, if it has become damaged or torn, if you use it without spermicide and if you remove it too soon. There are no other health risks associated with it. What are the advantages? The main advantage of this form of contraception is that you only need to think about it when you are going to have sex. You are in full control of your contraception and there are no serious side effects. What are the disadvantages? The main disadvantage to the contraceptive diaphragm is that it is not as effective as other types of contraception. It can often take women some time to learn how to use it and some women can be prone to bladder infections. The spermicide and/or latex can be an irritant for some women. Who can use it? The Contraceptive Cap What is it? The contraceptive cap is a dome-shaped device that is made of silicone. How does it work? The cap is inserted into the vagina before sex and, like the diaphragm, covers the cervix to stop sperm from entering the womb. Again like the diaphragm, it needs to be used with spermicide and must be left in place for at least six hours after sex. The cap is also a reusable form of contraception and come in different sizes. The correct size for you will be determined by your doctor or nurse. How effective is it? When used in the right way, the cap is 92-96% effective. What are the risks? The cap may be less effective if it is not the right fit for you, if it has become damaged or torn, if you use it without spermicide and if you remove it too soon. There are no other health risks associated with it. What are the advantages? The main advantage of this form of contraception is that you only need to think about it when you are going to have sex. You are in full control of your contraception and there are no serious side effects. What are the disadvantages? The cap is not as effective as other forms of contraception. It only provides limited protection against STIs and can often take time to learn how to use it. Who can use it? Most women are able to use a cap. However, if you have an unusually shaped cervix, weakened vaginal muscles or a sensitivity or allergy to latex then you may not be able to use it. Similarly if you have had toxic shock syndrome or a repeated urinary tract infection you may not be able to use it.